Drug testing programs are devised to ascertain the use of illicit drugs, specific prescription drugs, and alcohol. It assists employers in the identification of signs and symptoms associated with recent drug abuse or alcohol addiction to offer early intervention. This further helps prevent the risk of potential accidents while safeguarding the security, finances, and well-being of other employees. Hence, by complying with state laws, companies can freely conduct drug and alcohol testing for their employees to ensure a safe, sound, and productive workspace and workforce.
Why do employers conduct drug tests?
Consistent drugs and alcohol abuse can lay adverse effects on the health and safety of other employees, significantly degrading their morale and productivity while also adding up the cost in terms of health care. Below are some of the top reasons employers should conduct drug-testing programs in their company:
To know whether the employees use drugs or alcohol.
To prevent recruitment of applicants who use drugs or alcohol.
To discourage alcohol and drug abuse amongst employees.
To comply with state laws.
To create a safe and drug-free workplace.
To guide the employees suffering from drug or alcohol problems.
What do drug tests detect?
Most employers carry out drug testing or employment screening program to identify the presence of the following substances:
Cocaine/ crack
Opiates (opium, morphine, heroin, codeine)
Hallucinogens (LSD, peyote, mushrooms)
Amphetamines (crank, speed, ecstasy, meth)
THC (cannabis, hash, legalized marijuana)
Methadone
Benzodiazepines
Prescription drugs (Vicodin, oxycodone)
Barbiturates
Inhalants (glue, paint)
When do employers conduct drug tests?
Following are some of the common situations where the companies may deem fit to conduct a drug test:
1. Prior to employment
Pre-onboarding drug testing is performed to prevent hiring employees who suffer from drug or alcohol abuse. Typically, it is executed once the potential employee receives the employment letter. However, the hiring is discontinued if the applicant does not qualify for the test.
2. Reasonable suspicion
Employers may schedule drug testing if the signs and symptoms of drug or alcohol abuse are observed in any of their existing employees. However, it is crucial to set a clear definition of what behaviors should call for drug testing. In such a case, suspected employees are recommended not to attend the office until the test results arrive.
3. Post-accident in the workplace
Drug or alcohol testing is a critical measure carried out by the employer if the use of such substances is suspected to be the root cause behind the workplace accident. However, it is important to have defined criteria to determine what conditions will mandate drug testing. Furthermore, it is essential to remember that a positive drug or alcohol report does not prove that the substance abuse caused the accident.
4. Periodic testing
If a particular job role calls for physical work, it may call for periodic or annual drug testing. Such testing programs are usually formerly scheduled, allowing the employees to prepare for their drug test beforehand by ceasing drugs to pass the tests.
5. Random testing
Employers often conduct drug or alcohol testing on an unannounced date for randomly selected employees. Here, the employee selection is computerized so that everyone stands an equal chance of testing.
6. Testing after return-to-duty
A return-to-duty test is conducted when an employee who previously tested positive for drug usage accomplishes their drug abuse treatment and is ready to return to work. Employers may also carry out such testing when an employee returns from long holidays.
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